In last decade the conscience of the human impact on the climate natural variability has rapidly increased. The impact of the industrial and technological progress on the ecosystem equilibrium are also increased. The global warming due to the greenhouse gases, sustained development and environmental cost are all words that have commonly used by the mass media. The knowledge of the fundamental processes undertaken on natural climate variability is the first aims of today climate research. However, most of us have become aware of the short-term impact on climate of increasing atmosphere carbon dioxide and other trace anthropogenic greenhouse gases. This work aims to pose the question of the natural variability of the climate system on decadal and multi-decadal time scales in order to separate and valuate the anthropogenic contribution. In this sense the paper develops the background material, including also the recent scientific results of the IPCC report, required to understand the complexity of the problems concerning climate variability and future climate scenarios.

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