Ionic Liquids (ILs), salts molten at room temperature, have very interesting properties such as high chemical, thermal and electrochemical stability, high conductivity, no measurable vapor pressure and non-fiammability. Because of these characteristics, ILs were proposed as electrolyte components for replacing the hazardous and volatile organic solvents used in commercial electrochemical devices, particularly rechargeable lithium batteries. In the last ten years ionic liquid-based electrolytes in combination with lithium battery electrodes were extensively investigated with the aim to realize safer devices without hindering their electrochemical performance. Here, a review of best promising uses of ionic liquid-based electrolytes in lithium batteries is reported. © 2012 American Chemical Society.

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